Guides
In-depth guides on AI engineering and on finance and economics. Each one starts from the basics and builds up step by step.
17 guides6 deep divesabout 13 hours of reading
Deep dive: a full course on one subject, usually in several lessonsGuide: a single page on one frameworkCheat sheet: a one-page summary
Recently updated
- DerivativesDeep dive15 Oct 2026
- Japan's EconomyDeep dive5 Oct 2026
- Commodity MarketsDeep dive5 Oct 2026
AI engineering
12Agent frameworks, graph databases and the tools used to build AI applications.
- Neo4j & GraphRAGGraph databases with Neo4j: data modelling, the Cypher query language, GraphRAG, and using a graph as memory for AI agents, ending with a worked banking project.
- Google ADKGoogle's Agent Development Kit: building agents in code, workflow agents, callbacks, and deployment to Vertex AI.
- Semantic KernelMicrosoft's SDK for connecting large language models to existing code through plugins, planners and memory.Note: Microsoft now recommends Microsoft Agent Framework, its successor to Semantic Kernel and AutoGen (version 1.0, April 2026), for new projects.
- LangGraphBuilding stateful agents as graphs, with loops, persistence and human-in-the-loop steps.
- PydanticAIBuilding type-safe agents in Python, with Pydantic models validating inputs and outputs.
- CrewAIMulti-agent systems built from role-based agents that work through a defined process.
- Cheat sheets, one page each: AutoGen Haystack LlamaIndex Phidata Smolagents SwarmAutoGen: In maintenance mode since October 2025; succeeded by Microsoft Agent Framework.Phidata: Renamed Agno in January 2025; this sheet uses the earlier Phidata names.Swarm: Replaced by the OpenAI Agents SDK in March 2025; Swarm remains an educational example.
Finance and economics
5How markets and economies work: bonds, commodities, derivatives, company valuation and the economy of Japan.
- DerivativesHow forwards, futures, options and swaps work and are priced, who uses them, how clearing and margin hold the market together, how it goes wrong, and how the US, UK and India regulate it, with 24 episodes from 1973 to 2026.
- Japan's EconomyJapan's economy from the 1985 Plaza Accord to 2026: deflation, zero and negative interest rates, quantitative easing, yield curve control, the yen, government debt, and why Japanese interest rates affect markets elsewhere.
- Commodity MarketsHow oil, metals, grain and gas are traded and priced: physical and futures markets, hedging, the forward curve, the main price drivers, and major market shocks from 1973 to 2026.
- Global Bond MarketsHow bond markets work: prices and yields, duration, the yield curve, the main participants and bond funds, with the US, UK and Indian markets compared and eight historical episodes.
- Investment ValuationValuing a business from first principles: accounting basics, discounted cash flow and valuation multiples, worked through one example company.
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